TypeBharatEnglish → Indian languages

Learn Panjabi Typing

A beginner-friendly guide to typing Panjabi using English letters. Understand the Panjabi language, Gurmukhi script, alphabets, and typing basics.

About Panjabi Language

Panjabi (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ) is the official language of Panjab state in India and is also spoken widely in Himachal Pradesh, Chandigarh, Jammu & Kashmir, Haryana, and Delhi. Around 130 million (13 crore) people speak Panjabi worldwide.

Panjabi is the only tonal Indo-Aryan language and evolved from the Prakrit language family.

Language vs Script

What we speak is a language (Panjabi). What we write is a script (Gurmukhi).
We speak Panjabi and write it in the Gurmukhi (ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ) script.

Gurmukhi Script

The Gurmukhi (ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ) script was developed from the historic Landa script. It is an abugida writing system and is written from left to right.

The symbol । (Dandi) is used to mark the end of a sentence, and ॥ (double Dandi) marks the end of a verse.

The Gurmukhi script consists of 35 core letters:

  • 32 consonants
  • 3 vowel holders

Vowels in Panjabi (Vowel Holders)

Panjabi has three vowel holders used as the base for vowel sounds:

a
aa
i
ee
u
oo
e
ai
o
au

Consonants in Panjabi

Primary Consonants (32)

sa
ha
ka
kha
ga
gha
nga
cha
chha
ja
jha
nya
ṭa
ṭha
ḍa
ḍha
ṇa
ta
tha
da
dha
na
pa
pha
ba
bha
ma
ya
ra
la
va
ṛa

Secondary Consonants (6)

ਸ਼
sha
ਖ਼
kha
ਗ਼
ga
ਜ਼
za
ਫ਼
fa
ਲ਼
la

Gurmukhi (Panjabi) Numerals

Panjabi has its own set of numerals used for counting and writing numbers.

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Ready to start typing in Panjabi?

You don't need to memorize keyboards. Just type naturally in English.

Open Panjabi Typing Tool →

Panjabi - Frequently Asked Questions

Is Panjabi a language or a script?+
Panjabi is a language. The script used to write Panjabi in India is called Gurmukhi. People speak Panjabi but write it using the Gurmukhi script.
How many letters are there in Gurmukhi?+
The Gurmukhi script has 35 core letters, including 32 consonants and 3 vowel holders. There are also additional secondary consonants used for borrowed sounds.
Do Panjabi letters represent sounds or meanings?+
Panjabi letters represent sounds. Each letter corresponds to a spoken sound, which makes phonetic typing using English letters easier to learn.
Is Panjabi a tonal language?+
Yes. Panjabi is the only tonal Indo-Aryan language. Tone can change the meaning of words even if the spelling looks similar.
Do I need to memorize all letters before typing?+
No. You can start typing Panjabi using English letters immediately. Learning the letters gradually helps you understand and correct spellings better.